Basic Chemistry 基础化学 2024智慧树满分答案

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第一章单元测试

1、单选题：
Solids have a __________ shape and are not appreciably __________.

A:sharp, convertible
B:indefinite, compressible
C:indefinite, incompressible
D:definite, incompressible
E:definite, compressible
答案: definite, compressible

2、单选题：
The symbol for the element potassium is __________.

A:S
B:Ca
C:P
D:Pt
E:K
答案: K

3、单选题：
The SI unit for mass is __________.

pound

kilogram

gram

troy ounce

答案:

kilogram

4、单选题：
The temperature of 25°C is __________ in kelvins.

A:166
B:248
C:298
D:103
E:138
答案: 298

5、单选题：
The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3. A piece of silver with a mass of 61.3 g would occupy a volume of __________ cm3.

A:644
B:5.84
C:10.5
D:0.171
E:0.00155
答案: 5.84

6、单选题：
The correct result of the molecular mass calculation for H2SO4 is ________. 4 × 15.9994 + 32.066 + 2 × 1.0079

A:98.079
B:98.84
C:98.838
D:98.08
E:98.074
答案: 98.079

7、单选题：
There are __________ significant figures in the answer to the following computation: (29.2 – 20.0) (1.79 × 105)/1.39

A:3
B:1
C:4
D:5
E:2
答案: 2

8、单选题：
Of the following, __________ is the smallest mass.

A:25 kg
B:2.5 × 1010 ng
C:2.5 × 109 fg
D:2.5 × 10-2 mg
E:2.5 × 1015 pg
答案: 2.5 × 109 fg

9、单选题：
Accuracy refers to __________.

A:how close a measured number is to infinity
B:how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
C:how close a measured number is to the calculated value
D:how close a measured number is to the true value
E:how close a measured number is to zero
答案: how close a measured number is to the true value

10、单选题：
In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant?

A:100.09009
B:0.003002
C:0.14329
D:0.1
E:0.05843
答案: 100.09009

第二章单元测试

1、单选题：
A certain mass of carbon reacts with 13.6 g of oxygen to form carbon monoxide. __________ grams of oxygen would react with that same mass of carbon to form carbon dioxide, according to the law of multiple proportions?

A:136
B:25.6
C:27.2
D:6.8
E:13.6
答案: 27.2

2、单选题：
Which statement below correctly describes the responses of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation to an electric field?

A:Both alpha and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while beta shows no response
B:Both alpha and beta are deflected in the same direction, while gamma shows no response
C:Alpha and beta are deflected in opposite directions, while gamma shows no response
D:Both beta and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while alpha shows no response
E:Only alpha is deflected, while beta and gamma show no response
答案: Alpha and beta are deflected in opposite directions, while gamma shows no response

3、单选题：
__________ and __________ reside in the atomic nucleus.

A:Protons, neutrons
B:none of the above
C:Neutrons, only neutrons
D:Protons, electrons
E:Electrons, neutrons
答案: Protons, neutrons

4、单选题：
Which one of the following is not true concerning cathode rays?

A:They impart a negative charge to metals exposed to them
B:They originate from the negative electrode
C:The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted
D:They are made up of electrons
E:They travel in straight lines in the absence of electric or magnetic fields
答案: The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted

5、单选题：
The charge on an electron was determined in the __________.

A:Millikan oil drop experiment
B:cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thompson
C:atomic theory of matter
D:Rutherford gold foil experiment
E:Dalton atomic theory
答案: Millikan oil drop experiment

6、单选题：
In the Rutherford nuclear-atom model, __________.

A:the heavy subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
B:the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass and mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
C:mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
D:the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass
E:the light subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
答案: the heavy subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus

7、单选题：
All atoms of a given element have the same __________.

A:number of neutrons
B:number of electrons and neutrons
C:mass
D:number of protons
E:density
答案: number of protons

8、单选题：
An atom of the most common isotope of gold, 197Au, has __________ protons, __________ neutrons, and __________ electrons.

A:79, 118, 118
B:79, 118, 79
C:79, 197, 197
D:197, 79, 118
E:118, 79, 39
答案: 79, 118, 79

9、单选题：
Which combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons is correct for the isotope copper-63, ?

A:63 p+ , 29 n°, 63 e−
B:34 p+ , 29 n°, 34 e−
C:34 p+ , 34 n°, 29 e−
D:29 p+ , 34 n°, 29 e−
E:29 p+ , 29 n°, 63 e−
答案: 29 p+ , 34 n°, 29 e−

10、单选题：
Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of __________ but differing number of __________.

A:protons, neutrons
B:neutrons, electrons
C:electrons, protons
D:protons, electrons
E:neutrons, protons
答案: protons, neutrons

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